Berlusconi Expected to Resign as Debt Plan Passes

Marking the end of a tumultuous week and of an era in Italian politics, Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi was expected to resign on Saturday evening after Parliament approved austerity measures sought by the European Union.
The lower house passed the measures on Saturday by a vote of 380 to 26, a day after they were approved by the Senate, trying to keep a step ahead of market pressures that sent borrowing rates on Italian bonds skyrocketing last week to levels that have required other euro zone countries to seek bailouts.
The end of Mr. Berlusconi’s 17-year hold on Italian politics sets off the country’s most significant political transition in 20 years.
President Giorgio Napolitano, who as head of state will oversee the transition, was expected to begin consultations with party leaders to nominate a prime minishttp://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gifter immediately after Mr. Berlusconi’s resignation.On Saturday, the president appealed to lawmakers to put the country’s interests above their own. “All political forces must act with a sense of responsibility,” Mr. Napolitano said.
The front-runner to guide a new government appears to be Mario Monti, 68, a former European commissioner and a well-respected economist with close ties to European Union officials. On Wednesday, Mr. Napolitano named Mr. Monti a senator for life, an unexpected move seen as a prelude to receiving the mandate to form a government.
The mandate of the next government will be to push through measures to help reduce Italy’s $2.6 trillion public debt and increase growth to keep the country competitive. The austerity measures approved by Parliament include selling state assets and increasing the retirement age to 67 from 65 by 2026. They would decrease the power of professional guilds, privatize municipal services and offer tax breaks to companies that hire young workers.
Link

Papademos sworn in

Technocrat Prime Minister Lucas Papademos took office on Friday to save Greece from bankruptcy, heading a coalition cabinet filled with many of the same politicians who led the nation into crisis and pushed the euro zone to the brink of collapse.
As politicians in Italy pushed through austerity measures and contemplated an emergency government to stave off the crisis creeping deeper into the euro zone, Papademos said his priority would be to meet the terms of the country's EU, IMF bailout and pull Greece out of recession. "The final result will depend much on whether we succeed in stabilising the real economy, reining in unemployment and setting the ground to revive the economy and gradually boost employment in a relatively short time," he told his governing team in its first meeting. "That's why I would like to ask everyone to do his best in the next coming days, weeks and months."
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EU needs smaller, deeper group-Germany's Fischer

European Union with 27 members is incapable of agreeing needed reforms and the time has come to think about forming a smaller group of nations to advance the cause before it is too late, former German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer said.
"Let's just forget about the EU with 27 members -- unfortunately," Fischer said in an interview with the German weekly newspaper Die Zeit. "I just don't see how these 27 states will ever come up with any meaningful reforms."
Fischer, a strong pro-Europe voice in Germany as foreign minister from 1998 to 2005, said the EU was under threat at the moment because of the euro zone debt crisis and he criticised the German government for poor leadership."We've got the worst German government since 1949," he said, but added Germany was strong enough to cope with that.
"We've got to watch out that we don't lose Europe," he said. "At the moment there is a great risk of that happening. The continent will survive without the euro but it would then nevertheless be dead as a political and cultural project."
Fischer said an "avant-garde" of the 17 euro zone nations could effectively take away the power from the 27 states. He said the smaller group should form a tighter group, following the lead of the Schengen passport-free travel zone in the EU. "What we need now is a 10-point plan for Europe, for a political union," Fischer said, adding Europe was heading towards a "transfer union" in the future in which wealthier nations would provide assistance to the less prosperous. "Anyone who denies that is just lying to themselves," Fischer said. Germans are nevertheless overwhelmingly opposed to any system where wealthier countries are obligated to support the poorer states.
Fischer said a euro chamber was worth considering, a body in which leaders from the national parliaments would take part. They would thus hold dual national and European responsibilities, Fischer said. "So those who have a say in their parliaments back home can also have a say in Europe," Fischer said.
Reuters

National unity government in Greece

Greece’s two mainstream political parties have agreed on a narrow pact for a national unity government after intense pressure from the EU, which warned that the country would be left to go bankrupt, perhaps within days, if a cross-party consensus was not achieved.

The centre-left prime minister, George Papandreou, loathed by millions of his fellow citizens for the imposition of far-reaching spending cuts, is to step aside once the new administration is in place, although who is to replace him has yet to be decided.

The coalition is tasked with approving a €130 billion EU-IMF bail-out deal, the second the country has been saddled with in the past two years, a package that will ensure that it is able to avoid bankruptcy and pay its largely central European creditors in return for years of austerity measures and international supervision of its finances.

The new administration will comprise the governing social democrats of Pasok and the right-wing New Democracy party. Papandreou had earlier approached Laos, a far-right religious party in the parliament and the Democratic Alliance, a small free-market liberal breakaway from the conservatives, to shore up his 152-seat majority in the 300-member house.

On Sunday, EU economy chief Olli Rehn had made it clear that without a coalition government, Greece would be cast adrift. He gave the country’s political elite hours to come up with a deal, ahead of a meeting of EU finance ministers on Monday evening.

Talks on a national unity government came after a long drama played out in the Greek parliament on friday. Papandreu survived a confidence vote on his government after a contentious move to hold a referendum on the Greek rescue deal put together in Brussels last week.

Europe delivered a stark ultimatum to Greece on Wednesday night, demanding that the country’s planned referendum ask plainly whether the country’s citizens wish to stay in the euro or to get out. "The question is whether Greece remains in the eurozone, that is what we want. But it is up to the Greek people to answer that question," Sarkozy said, adding that Greece would not receive "a single cent" if it does not adhere to the bail-out plan agreed last week.

Following the European reactions Papandreou has backed away from holding a referendum on a €130 EU bail-out deal and has agreed to talks with the conservative opposition over the construction of a transitional government leading to early elections.

Source: Euobserver

La BCE a abaissé ses taux

La Banque centrale européenne a réduit le taux de refinancement de 0,25 point à 1,25%. Économistes et marchés espéraient un geste de la part de la BCE en faveur des pays en difficulté de la zone euro, mais pas forcément sur les taux dès ce mois-ci. Mario Draghi a cependant rappelé les conditions du programme de rachat d'obligations d'Etats, à savoir "temporaire, limité quant au montant et justifié par le rétablissement du fonctionnement de la transmission de la politique monétaire par ses canaux ordinaires", mettant fin ainsi aux spéculations sur un renforcement de ce programme.
A la surprise générale, la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) a abaissé jeudi son principal taux directeur à 1,25%, a annoncé l'une de ses porte-parole, contre 1,5% précédemment. La BCE a également abaissé de 25 points de base ses deux autres taux directeurs, à savoir le taux de dépôt au jour le jour, qui est désormais de 0,5% contre 0,75% précédemment, ainsi que son taux de prêt marginal, passé à 2% contre 2,25% auparavant.
Economistes et marchés espéraient un geste de la part de la BCE en faveur des pays en difficulté de la zone euro, mais pas forcément sur les taux dès ce mois-ci.
L'echo

Euro Summit 27.10.2011

EU leaders agree on measures to provide more support for countries with debt problems and restore financial stability to Europe.

The decisions made on 26 October are in response to the debt crises affecting some eurozone countries. These crises threaten to undermine economic stability in the whole currency area, and by extension other EU countries. ‘The package we have agreed is a comprehensive package that confirms that Europe will do what it takes to safeguard financial stability,’ said Commission president José Manuel Barroso.
1) More loans for Greece
A sustainable solution to help Greece recover includes a new loan of up to €100bn from the EU and the IMF. Banks and other private creditors have agreed to write off 50% of Greek debt. The package aims to help Greece reduce its public debt to 120% of gross domestic product by 2020.
2) Better crisis support
Leaders agreed to enlarge the EU’s main debt support fund, the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), without extending member countries' commitments. The fund’s lending capacity will be boosted to about one trillion euros – a fivefold increase – using private market tools.
3) Bank reforms
Governments will provide guarantees for banks affected by the sovereign debt crisis. These guarantees will be coordinated at EU level. They will allow banks to continue to provide the loans needed for growth and job creation. A temporary measure will require banks to increase their capital base to 9% by June 2012. Banks should reduce dividends paid to investors and bonuses to staff until they reach the 9% target. This recapitalisation will strengthen the banking system. Banks will first use private sources of capital, with national governments providing support if necessary. Loans can also be made through the EFSF, as a last resort.
4) Stronger economic governance
Eurozone countries also approved measures to improve economic governance. There will be more coordination of economic and national budget policies, along with increased monitoring to ensure the measures are implemented. The eurozone will seek closer economic integration. A report on implementing the agreed measures will be completed by March 2012.
Commission website

EU states to speed up austerity, embrace 'limited' treaty change

Leaders of the EU's 27 member states met on Sunday (23 October) with little fresh to show in the face of the biggest crisis in the bloc's history, but did back a "limited" change to the EU treaty to deliver stronger economic convergence amongst eurozone countries.
At the crisis meeting in the EU capital, the bloc's premiers and presidents agreed to speed up already-agreed-to austerity and structural adjustment measures and to seek new "growth-enhancing" measures, such as unifying the bloc's still-fragmented market in digital products and services and cutting regulations on small businesses.

But on the core issues of what leaders have described as a "comprehensive" package aiming to draw a line under the eurozone debt crisis - including how to leverage the bloc's rescue fund to a size that can protect Italy and Spain from contagion, and the scale of the write-down to be imposed on holders of Greek bonds - there was no agreement.
The president of the EU Council, Herman Van Rompuy, told reporters in a pause between the closing of a meeting of the full EU 27 chiefs and a smaller meeting of the eurozone's 17 leaders, that "good progress" was made, with the bulk of the discussion so far focussed on the issue of a recapitalisation of Europe’s banks.
It is understood that leaders have converged on a sum of €107 or €108 billion in a scheme for a second round of bank bail-outs. Under the plans, troubled financial institutions must first attempt to raise fresh cash from markets. If unable to do so, national governments will then have to provide back-stops. Only if governments are too weak to be able to perform this task will the eurozone's rescue fund, the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), step into the breach. However, no final agreement has been reached on bank recapitalisation, and details will only be released after a meeting of European finance ministers and a second pair of EU and eurozone summits - all of which will take place on Wednesday.

The leaders did back a "limited treaty change" that will involve tightening fiscal discipline and deepening economic union. "'Limited' means not a general overhaul of the architecture found in the Lisbon Treaty,” said Van Rompuy. "What is most important is not to change the treaty but to strengthen economic convergence," he said, adding however that such a change is "not a taboo." The leaders said in a joint communique "that any treaty change must be decided by the 27 member states" and not just the 17 in the eurozone. The leaders will take a decision on treaty change in December based on recommendations from President Van Rompuy and the chair of the eurogroup of states, Luxembourgish Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker.

A new fiscal discipline 'super-commissioner' in the euro area is also to be created. The leaders "welcomed" the idea of strengthening the powers of a commissioner with added competence of "closer monitoring and additional enforcement." This chimes with a proposal from the Netherlands in September that a commission could upon the support of a majority of eurozone countries make a heavily indebted state a "ward" of the EU executive, whereby all economic decisions would be taken out of the hands of the country concerned and vested instead in the super-commissioner. Finland, Germany and the commission have backed versions of the plan.

A completely new post is also to be created, that of "president of the Euro summit", which will be elected by euro-area premiers and president at the same time that the president of the European Council is appointed. The next such appointment is to take place mid-2012. Until then, the current president, Herman Van Rompuy, will play this role.

The summit chiefs are also exploring the possibility of a massive new fund alongside the zone's existing rescue mechanism, hoping to tap trillions from sovereign wealth funds owned by the likes of Norway, Singapore and China that could be used to purchase government debt from in troubled states.

The existing rescue outfit, the EFSF, would offer insurance up to around 20 percent against losses government bonds purchased by the new fund, or 'Special Purpose Vehicle', extending the firepower of the EFSF to as much as €1 trillion. Such a plan, involving investment via the International Monetary Fund with 'Brics' involvement - referring to the emerging powers of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa - is "on the table", an EU official told this website.

Pressure piled on Italy

Immediately after the meeting of all 27 member states, the 17 countries in the euro area met to continue discussions. Following the eurozone meeting at a late night press conference, no fresh breakthroughs were announced. The two EU presidents told reporters simply that talks were advancing.

However, while Italy was not mentioned by name, in a pointed reference to the country, Van Rompuy said: “All member states need to give clear signals of their commitment" regarding public finances by Wednesday, “and this is understood by everybody.”

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy held a brief but sharp private meeting with the Italian Prime Minister early on Sunday, demanding that he take tougher austerity measures than he so far has implemented.

In return for Italy receiving assistance from the European Central Bank late in the summer via vast purchases of government debt in order to temper the country’s borrowing costs, Rome committed to a series of stringent austerity measures. But divisions in his government have slowed down the pace of their implementation. Last week, Berlusconi was forced to hold a vote of confidence to prove that he still commanded sufficient support in parliament to push through cuts and structural adjustment.

Euobserver

Slovak parties reach deal on EU bail-out fund

The Slovak parliament is set to approve legislation backing a strengthening of the eurozone’s €440 billion rescue fund after the centre-left opposition said it would back a fresh version of the bill in return for early elections. (...)
“The agreement makes it possible that either tomorrow night or at the latest Friday morning the fund and the laws tied to it will be approved,” he (Robert Fico) said. “Slovakia will ratify the bail-out mechanism without any problems.”
In return for Smer’s support, the three centre-right coaliion parties that backed the EFSF changes - the Slovak Democratic and Christian Union (SDKÚ), the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) and Most-Híd - had to agree to elections that will take place on 10 March.
The cabinet is set to propose a constitutional law to bring forward the election schedule, a bill that is to be passed via a fast-track procedure, according to local reports. Once the election bill has been approved, Smer, which had abstained in the first vote on the EFSF changes on Tuesday evening, will now give its blessing to the alteration of the bail-out fund.

(...)

Euobserver

Megbukott a szlovák kormány

Nem kapott elég szavazatot az eurós mentőcsomaggal egybekötött bizalmi szavazás a szlovák parlamentben, ezért Iveta Radičová miniszterelnöknek be kell adnia lemondását az államfőnek. A következő lépés innen Ivan Gašparovič kezében van, kisebbségi kormány, nagykoalíció is jöhet, de a helyzet mindenképpen az ellenzéki, Robert Fico vezette Smernek kedvez.
Be kell adnia lemondását Iveta Radičová szlovák miniszterelnöknek, miután a parlament nem szavazta meg az eurós mentőcsomagot, amelyet kedden délelőtt a kormányról szóló bizalmi szavazással kötött össze a kormányfő. Ezzel ő a második szlovák miniszterelnök Vladimir Meciar 1994-es bukása óta, aki lemondásra kényszerült.
Az éjszakába nyúló vita után megtartott kedd esti szavazáson a 150-ből 124 képviselő igazolta jelenlétét, de csak ötvenöten szavaztak a kezdeményezés mellett, az elfogadáshoz 76 szavazatra lett volna szükség, írja a Bumm.sk. A miniszterelnököt delegáló Szlovák Kereszténydemokrata Unió (SDKÚ), a Kereszténydemokrata Mozgalom (KDH) és a Híd összes képviselője igennel szavazott, ez azonban nem volt elegendő.

A négypárti kormánykoalícióból a Szabadság és Szolidaritás (SaS) már előre jelezte, hogy nem hajlandó megszavazni a mentőcsomagot, mert az szerintük ellentétes lenne a kormányprogram több elemével. Richard Sulík házelnök, a párt elnöke hangsúlyozta, hogy kiálltak Radičová mögött, és a reformok folytatását szeretnék, de úgy vélte, hogy reáljövedelmeikhez képest nekik kellene a legtöbbet fizetniük az egész eurózónában. Úgyszintén nem adta le szavazatát a Hídon belüli minifrakció, a Polgári Demokrata Párt (OKS) négy képviselője közül három, valamint ugyanilyen arányban az SaS listáján parlamentbe kerülő Egyszerű Emberek minifrakció zöme sem. Ján Slota pártjának képviselői nemmel szavaztak. Az ellenzéki Smer, élén Robert Ficóval a Bumm.sk szerint azzal indokolta tartózkodását, hogy noha az eurósáncot támogatják, a kormányt azonban nem, így az eredeti voksolás összevonása a bizalmi szavazással nem hagyott nekik választást.
index.hu

Eurozone ministers delay Greek bailout

Eurozone finance ministers postponed until November a decision on releasing the next tranche of last year's €110 billion EU and IMF Greek bailout. Despite assertions by Greece that it will run out of funds by mid-October if it does not receive the €8 billion installment, the finance ministers said they would first push for more austerity measures from the indebted state.

The ministers also said they would wait for a verdict from representatives of the European Commission, the European Central Bank, and the IMF–the so-called troika–to determine Greece's eligibility for more funding. The chair of the eurozone finance ministers, Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker, insisted Greece had the financial means (DeutscheWelle) to get through to November.

Juncker added that the ministers were reassessing the terms (Reuters) of a € 109 billion second Greek bailout, tentatively agreed upon in July. Ministers are considering more private-sector involvement, which could amount to an orderly restructuring of Greek debt.

European bank stocks, heavily exposed to eurozone sovereign debt, continued to fall. Shares in French-Belgian bank Dexia (WSJ) dropped 17 percent, as the French and Belgian governments said they would take all necessary measures to shore up the bank.

A drought in wholesale financing is merely the symptom of a much deeper problem–the crisis of confidence over sovereign debt. The markets simply do not have faith that a divided and hesitant Europe will be able to meet the challenge of contagion should Greece default, argues this Financial Times editorial. In addition to Greece missing its deficit targets, the country's continued economic contraction has multiplied doubts as to the wisdom of saving Greece at all, says Der Spiegel.

CNN

Greece will not meet deficit targets

The Greek finance ministry on Sunday (2 October) conceded that the government will not be able to meet the deficit reduction targets imposed by the European Union and the International Monetary Fund for this year or next.

The shortfall between spending and revenues will amount to 8.5 percent of GDP in 2011, considerably wider than the 7.6 target set by international lenders. In 2012, the government will be able to reduce the deficit to 6.8 percent of GDP, but this figure still comes short of the 6.5 percent demanded by Brussels and Washington.

The news comes as Athens unveiled further details on its plan to trim the public-sector wage bill by placing 30,000 workers into a so-called labour reserve pool. These workers will see their salaries slashed by 40 percent ahead of a presumed dismissal within a year. (...)

Euobserver

Parliament gives green light to future economic governance plans

Eurozone members will no longer be able simply to ignore Commission warnings to correct their budgetary policies. The economic governance legislation voted in plenary on Wednesday should also help ensure that countries tackle unsound economic policies more promptly, considerably increases transparency and accountability and will improve the compilation of statistics to make them more reliable and accurate.

The vote came two weeks after certain Member States, led by France, climbed down from their insistence that a warning to a country would require approval by the Council. MEPs feared that this would lead to back-room deals in which countries needing to reform their budgetary policies would be let off the hook. Instead, the agreement will force Eurozone governments to muster a majority to block a warning being issued. Neither can the governments opt to do nothing, since such a warning will in any event be issued if the vote is not taken within 10 days of it being proposed by the Commission. And if governments do vote to reject a warning, they will need to explain themselves to the European Parliament in public.

Parliament also won the right to invite finance ministers from countries that have received a warning to hearings. Member States long insisted that this should not be the case.

MEPs also negotiated that the Commission would look not only at countries with a trade deficit, but also at those running current account surpluses, when investigating the sources of macroeconomic instability. Member States had initially insisted that only current account deficit countries would be investigated. The agreed rules will therefore require the Commission to consider the possibility that countries like Germany or the Netherlands are a cause of instability and reforms could be asked of them too.

Apart from the issues settled, many other improvements were brought about by pressure from MEPs:

• putting into law the European semester (annual assessment of national budgets for economic policy coordination), through its inclusion in the legal texts. This will give the procedure much more weight and bite,
• establishing a legal framework for the surveillance of the national reform programmes
• increased powers for the Commission, which can ask for more information to be supplied to it than envisaged in the original proposals and through on the spot checks to Member States,
• A new fine (0.2% GDP) for Eurozone members which supply fraudulent statistics with regard to data on deficits and debt,
• an interest-bearing deposit sanction (0.1% GDP) for Eurozone members in cases where a Member State fails to act on recommendations to rectify a macroeconomic imbalance.
• greater independence of statistical bodies and standards for the compilation of statistics, and
• safeguarding social bargaining processes and wage setting agreements when delivering recommendations.

Link

Barroso: Eddigi legnagyobb válságát éli az EU

Történetének legnagyobb kihívásával néz szembe jelenleg az Európai Unió, José Manuel Barroso, az Európai Bizottság elnöke szerint. Az Európai Parlament strasbourgi plenáris ülésén az EU általános "állapotáról" szerdán elmondott beszédében Barroso azt mondta, nemcsak gazdasági és szociális krízis sújtja az EU-t, hanem bizalmi válság is. ...
Javasolják a Tobin-adó bevezetését
Barroso bejelentette, hogy az Európai Bizottság szerdán elfogadta a pénzügyi tranzakciókra kivetendő illetékekre vonatkozó javaslatot. "Itt az ideje, hogy a pénzügyi szektor hozzájáruljon az Unió fejlesztéséhez, miután az elmúlt években ez az ágazat több ezer milliárd eurónyi támogatást és garanciát kapott a tagországoktól" - mondta a politikus. Az új adótól évi 55 milliárd euró pluszbevételt vár az EU. A bizottsági javaslatot a tagállamoknak is jóvá kell hagyniuk ahhoz, hogy a tranzakciós adó bevezethető legyen. Több tagállam azonban egyelőre nem ért egyet ezzel a lépéssel - elsősorban Nagy-Britannia, amely a londoni pénzügyi központ érdekeit félti. Az Independent internetes oldalán megjelent cikk szerint biztosra vehető a konfliktus a brit kormány és az EU vezetői között ebben a kérdésben.
Origo

Megbukott a szlovén kormány

A szociáldemokrata Borut Pahor vezette testület távozására 51, maradására 36 képviselő szavazott. A döntés miatt lehetséges, hogy előre hozott választásokat kell tartani, az elsőt Szlovéniában azóta, hogy az ország 1991-ben függetlenné vált, kiválva Jugoszláviából.
A kormány iránti bizalmatlanság kinyilvánítása nem vonja automatikusan maga után rendkívüli választások kiírását. A kormány bukását követően hét nap áll rendelkezésre ahhoz, hogy vagy Danilo Türk államfő, vagy a parlamenti képviselők új miniszterelnök-jelöltet állítsanak. Ha azonban a törvényhozás 30 napon belül nem választja meg az új kormányfőt, előre hozott választást kell tartani. Normális körülmények között jövő év szeptemberében lenne esedékes a következő választás Szlovéniában.
A ljubljanai fordulat hátterében gazdasági okok állnak. A Pahor vezette koalíció azután került kisebbségbe a parlamentben, hogy pártjai között nézeteltérés támadt a reformpolitikát illetően, amelyet a választópolgárok idén tavasszal több népszavazáson nagy többséggel elutasítottak. A koalíciós viszály nyomán előbb a DeSUS (nyugdíjasok pártja), majd a Zaresz nevű liberális párt fordított hátat Pahor kormányának, amely így már csak két párt 33 képviselőjére számíthatott a 90 tagú törvényhozásban.
Pahor öt új miniszter tervezett kinevezését összekapcsolta a kormánya iránti bizalom kérdésével, így akarván támogatást szerezni vitatott reformjaihoz. A DeSUS és a Zaresz képviselői azonban az ellenzékkel együtt szavazva megbuktatták a kisebbségi kormányt.A szavazás után adott nyilatkozataiban minden parlamenti párt illetékese mielőbbi választások mellett kardoskodott. A gazdasági válság következtében megroggyant Szlovénia lehet az euróövezet válságának újabb dominókockája – vélekedett az osztrák hírügynökség.
www.index.hu

Former centre-left MEP wins Danish elections

Denmark on Thursday (15 September) elected former Social-Democrat MEP Helle Thorning-Schmidt to become its first female premier. The new government is likely to row back on controversial border checks and have a more generous approach to EU spending.

The leftist bloc behind Helle Thorning-Schmidt won 89 out of the 179 seats in the Danish Parliament, while the incumbent centre-right coalition only managed to secure 86 seats.

Through her marriage to Stephen Kinnock, the 44-year old Thorning-Schmidt is the daughter-in-law of Neil Kinnock, former leader of the British Labour Party and EU commissioner, and Glenys Kinnock, former UK minister for Europe. Trained at the "College of Europe" and a former MEP between 1999-2004, Thorning-Schmidt is set to "devote more attention to EU politics, which she knows from inside," Denmark's ambassador to Belgium Poul Skytte Christoffersen told this website.

In terms of policy, the Social Democrats have announced they are to roll back the enhanced border checks policy - a concession made by the centre-right to the anti-immigrant People's Party - which has put Denmark on collision course with the European Commission and Germany.

In terms of negotiations on the next EU budget, which will have to be carried out next year under the Danish and Cypriot EU presidencies, Christoffersen predicts that the leftist government may turn out to be less "restrictive" than the current one when it comes to EU spending. "Climate change may climb higher on the agenda, given that now it's almost a forgotten topic," he added.

Link

Euro leaders agree second Greece bailout

Following weeks of political and market turbulence, eurozone leaders on Thursday undertook radical steps to safeguard the single currency agreeing the beginnings of a European Monetary Fund and a fresh bailout for Greece. With the one-day emergency summit representing something of a make-or-brake gathering for the 17-nation eurozone, leaders were quick to underline the far-reaching and "credible" nature of the agreement.
"For the first time, the politics and the markets are coming together," said European Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso, with markets having to date doubted the fundamental commitment of leaders to saving the eurozone. EU council president Herman Van Rompuy said the deal proved "we will not waver in defence of our common currency".
Under the agreement, Greece is to get a fresh bailout, but with a lower interest rate (around 3.5%) and with a minimum of 15 years to pay back the loans. "The total official financing will amount to an estimated 109 billion euro," says the final agreement.
Pushed by Germany, the private sector will also be involved but eurozone leaders stressed several times that private sector contribution will be "voluntary" and will not be part of any potential future bailouts for other countries. There remains a question mark over whether rating agencies will view the deal as a default, having previously said they take a dim view of involving the private sector. German chancellor Angela Merkel indicated it was a risk she is willing to take. "We all know rating agencies are going to take a close look at this. I can't prejudge their rating. But I think that for markets it's important to achieve sustainability and for that it's very important to have private sector involved."
'European monetary fund'
Eurozone leaders also attempted to put out potential future fires by agreeing an overhaul of the eurozone's €440bn bailout fund so that it can act pre-emptively. Under the deal, which will have to be ratified by national parliaments, the fund will be entitled to help out countries with credit line before they get to the stage of needing long-term aid and recapitalise banks through loans to governments. This aid could also be supplied to countries not in a bailout programme, something that is not the case currently.
"We have agreed to create the beginnings of a European Monetary Fund," said French president Nicolas Sarkozy. Merkel, who forced Paris to back down on a proposed bank levy in return for giving new powers to the rescue fund, said the move was "historic". "What we are doing now is an example for deeper integration - handing over and transferring more competences to EU institutions. This is a historic day."
Barroso, who on the eve of the summit said the history would harshly judge the leaders if they failed to reach a deal, urged them to "defend and implement" it with "determination".
Greek prime minister George Papandreou said the deal will "mean (a) lightening of the burden on the Greek people" whom he referred to as "proud and industrious".
While European stocks rallied when draft conclusions were leaked earlier in the day, some commentators were already highly critical of the deal. Sony Kapoor, managing director of policy group Re-Define Europe, said: "EU leaders have missed the boat, yet again." "The leaders pay lip service to the need for growth and investment in Greece but this is no Marshall Plan. The debt overhang will hurt growth and investment even as EIB and other EU funds seek to stimulate it."
He also said the changes to the rescue fund were based on "excessive conditionality" with Merkel stressing several times that the enhanced fund will need unanimity from member states in order to act.
Euobserver

Az egész társadalom felrobbant Cipruson

A múlt héten felrobbant fegyverraktár mindent felkavart. Kedd este a nicosiai elnöki palota kerítésének két oldalán több ezer kormánypárti és több ezer ellentüntető gyűlt össze. A kormányellenesek hosszú távra rendezkedtek be: terveik szerint az államelnök lemondásáig folytatják. A robbanás után a szigeten akadozik az áramellátás. A bajban eddig egyedül az örök ellenségnek számító ciprusi törökök segítettek.

Link

Farewell, European Union

Economic default. Street riots. Political disunity: the EuroGeo-Political world as we know it is ending. We’re in the process of watching Greece default. Portugal’s Next. Ireland’s after that. In fewer than 16 months, the European Union will be no more.
As we predicted on June 29, and the Moody’s ratings service essentially confirmed by dropping the country’s rating to junk-status, Greece is set to default (even the current “best case” French scenario means is predicted to end in a “selective default” situation). And soon. Given that the “not-possible-to-think-about is suddenly exactly what we’re-thinking-about-and-planning-for", we have to wonder who’s next – now that default is suddenly an option?
In July 5 Portugal joined Greece at the “bottom of the economic barrel” (per Moody’s), disqualifying the country from an index of sovereign debt and generating a mass selloff in the markets. Portugal need not feel financially lonely, however; it seems that economic misery apparently loves company. Ireland, of course, is next.

...

Whatever it was – why the world ignored the obvious economic writing on the wall in the case of Ireland, and, until only a few weeks ago, that of Greece and Portugal - cannot change what will be. These peaceful economic times are over. Last week’s riots in the streets of Greece are just the beginning of the end for the European Union. Get ready.

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The European Union’s “core” members – Germany and France – would do well to stop financially finagling bail-out-package-after-bail-out-package for first Greece, then Portugal, then…and should instead start focusing on what’s next post-European-Union as we know it. Delaying the inevitable economic and financial pain will be a financially expensive, politically explosive, and potentially globally dangerous and destabilizing exercise. The world has to start planning for a defaulted currency, and stop hoping it simply won’t happen.

Read more: http://www.businessinsider.com/farewell-european-union-its-been-nice-knowing-you-2011-7#ixzz1RUdcbbsq

Eredményekkel teli uniós csúcs

Az Európai Tanács kétnapos ülésén számos területen történt előrelépés:
Horvátországgal kapcsolatban az elért eredmények és a kedvező bizottsági értékelés fényében az Európai Tanács felkérte a Tanácsot, hogy hozzon meg minden ahhoz szükséges döntést, hogy a közelmúltban a Bizottság által benyújtott közősálláspont-tervezetek alapján 2011. június végéig le lehessen zárni a Horvátországgal folytatott csatlakozási tárgyalásokat, és a csatlakozási szerződést az év végéig alá lehessen írni.

Az első tapasztalatok fényében az Európai Tanács úgy véli, hogy az európai szemeszter az uniós és a nemzeti szakpolitikai döntéshozatal számára hatékony kormányzási módszerré válhat. A stabilitási és konvergenciaprogramok és a nemzeti reformprogramok egyidejű benyújtása révén az EU egyszerre tudja értékelni a nemzeti növekedési és költségvetési stratégiákat és tudja kezelni az esetleges kockázatokat, egyensúlyhiányt, illetve a szükséges kompromisszumokat.

Az ülésen jóváhagyták a Duna régióra vonatkozó uniós stratégiát, egyúttal felkérték az állam- és kormányfőket, hogy azt a 2011. április 13-i tanácsi következtetésekben foglaltakkal összhangban haladéktalanul hajtsák végre; valamint felkérték a tagállamokat, hogy a Bizottsággal együttműködésben folytassák a lehetséges jövőbeli makroregionális stratégiákkal kapcsolatos munkát, különösen az adriai- és jón-tengeri régió tekinteteben.

Hivatalosan elfogadták a romák befogadásáról szóló stratégiát is, a tagországoknak a stratégia értelmében 2011 végéig elő kell készíteniük a nemzeti roma befogadási stratégiájukat, valamint a romák helyzetének javítását célzó, az átfogó társadalmi befogadási szakpolitikákba ágyazott integrált szakpolitikai intézkedéscsomagokat kell kidolgozniuk.

A migrációval kapcsolatban az Európai Tanács ismételten hangsúlyozta: a személyek szabad mozgása, amelyet a Szerződés rögzít, az európai integráció egyik legkézzelfoghatóbb és legsikeresebb vívmánya, és egyben a polgárok egyik alapjoga. Az állam- és kormányfők szerint a schengeni együttműködés egészét veszélyeztető kivételes körülmények kezelésére olyan mechanizmust kell bevezetni, amely nem veszélyeztetheti a személyek szabad mozgásának alapelvet. A mechanizmusnak egy sor fokozatosan, differenciáltan és összehangoltan alkalmazandó intézkedésből kell állnia, hogy segítse a külső határokon komoly nyomásnak kitett tagállamokat. Ezen intézkedések magukban foglalhatnak helyszíni vizsgalatokat, technikai és pénzügyi támogatást, segítségnyújtást, koordinációt, valamint a Frontex közreműködését.

E mechanizmus kereteben legvégső esetben egy védzáradék is bevezetésre kerülhetne, amely lehetővé tenne a belső határellenőrzések kivételes újbóli bevezetését olyan valóban kritikus helyzetekben, amikor egy tagállam mar nem tudja teljesíteni a schengeni szabályok értelmében ráháruló kötelezettségeket. Erre az intézkedésre ugyanakkor pontosan meghatározott objektív kritériumok és egységes értékelés alapján kerülhetne sor, szigorúan korlatozott alkalmazási körre és időszakra vonatkozóan, figyelembe véve annak szükségességet, hogy a sürgős esetekre reagálni tudjunk. Mindez nem érinti majd a személyeknek a szabad mozgáshoz fűződő, a Szerződések által biztosított jogait. Az Európai Tanács egyúttal felkérte a Bizottságot, hogy szeptemberben nyújtson be javaslatot egy ilyen mechanizmusra.

Az európai menekültügyi politikát jelentős kihívások érték a közelmúltban, ezért az Európai Tanács emlékeztetett rá: a védelemre szorulók számára biztonságos és hatékony menekültügyi eljárásokat kell biztosítani, amihez viszont az e területen elért uniós vívmányok teljes körű alkalmazására van szükség. Az unió vezetői döntő fontosságúnak tartják, hogy 2012-re befejeződjön a közös európai menekültügyi rendszer kialakítása, amely magas szintű védelmi előírásokon alapszik, amely egyúttal lehetővé teszi a menedékjog iránti kérelmek gyors vizsgálatát.

Euvonal

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Italy’s Mario Draghi dodged last- minute French objections to win the European Central Bank presidency in a dispute that threatened to overshadow efforts to prevent a Greek default. Draghi’s appointment today at the end of a two-day European Union summit followed a pledge by euro leaders yesterday to do whatever it takes to support Greece as long as Prime Minister George Papandreou pushes through a package of deficit cuts. Bloomberg

EU to Discuss Greek Plan

European finance ministers meet tomorrow to hammer out a new Greek bailout package watertight enough to avoid triggering a default that German Chancellor Angela Merkel said would be uncontrollable. Officials must figure out how to design a plan that will encourage investors to roll over expiring Greek debt after Merkel yesterday ended a standoff with the European Central Bank over restructuring the country’s debt load.
Merkel said today in Berlin that policy makers must make sure the Greek crisis doesn’t infect the rest of the euro region and spark a new global financial crisis.
“We all lived through Lehman Brothers,” she told a meeting of activists from her ruling Christian Democrat party. “I don’t want another such threat to emanate from Europe. We wouldn’t be able to control an insolvency.”
Bloomberg